Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is one of the most widely used modulation schemes due to its ability to carry high data rates over limited bandwidth. It combines both amplitude and phase modulation, using two carrier signals that are out-of-phase with each other by 90 degrees. These two carriers, called the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components, are modulated in amplitude and then summed to form the transmitted signal.